Western Turkestan

Kazakhstan

Continent

Asia

Population

16,500,000 (1991)

Remarks

Formerly part of USSR. Capital: Alma-Ata. 1,000,000 square miles

Languages

ILI ILI TURKI

At least 30 households (1989 R.F. Hahn)

KAZ KAZAKH

6,556,000 in Kazakhstan (1979 census), 98% speak it as mother tongue; 1,111,718 in China (1990); 100,000 in Mongolia (1991); 3,000 in Iran (1982); 2,000 in Afghanistan; 600 or more in Turkey (1982); 8,000,000 total or more (1990 IBT)

RMO ROMANI, SINTE

200,000 total (1980 UBS)

UIG UYGHUR

245,000 in Kazakhstan, Kyrghyzstan, and Uzbekistan (1986 estimate), 86% speak it as mother tongue; 7,214,431 in China (1990 census); 3,000 in Afghanistan; 1,000 in Mongolia; 500 or more in Turkey (1981); a few hundred families of traders in Pakistan; 7,464,000 total

Kyrghyzstan

Continent

Asia

Population

4,300,000 (1991)

Remarks

Formerly part of USSR. Capital: Bishkek. 76,642 square miles

Languages

DNG DUNGAN

49,400 total mother tongue speakers (95%) out of an ethnic population of 52,000 (1979 census)

KDO KIRGHIZ

1,906,000 in Kyrghyzstan (1979 census), 98% speak it as mother tongue; 141,549 in China (1990 census); 500 in Afghanistan; 1,137 in Turkey (1982); 2,049,200 total

Tajikistan

Continent

Asia

Population

5,000,000 (1991)

Remarks

Formerly part of USSR. Capital: Dushanbe. 54,019 square miles

Languages

PES FARSI, WESTERN

31,000 in Tajikistan (1979 census), 31% speak it as mother tongue; 23,110,000 total

PAQ PARYA

1,000 in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan (1960)

PBT PASHTO, WESTERN

4,000 in Tajikistan (1970); 8,000,000 in Afghanistan (1989); 50,000 in Iran; 8,054,000 total

SGL SANGLECHI-ISHKASHIMI

500 in Tajikistan; 2,000 in Afghanistan; 2,500 total

SGH SHUGHNI

35,000 to 40,000 in Tajikistan including 20,000 Shugan, 1,500 to 2,000 Oroshor, 15,000 Rushan (1975 SIL); 3,000 in Afghanistan; 38,000 to 43,000 total

PET TAJIKI

4,000,000 (1991 WA), 98% speak it as mother tongue

WBL WAKHI

6,000 to 7,000 in Tajikistan; 7,000 in Afghanistan; 9,100 in Pakistan (1992); 6,000 in China; 28,000 total

YAI YAGNOBI

2,000 (1975 SIL)

YAH YAZGULYAM

2,000 (1986)

Turkmenistan

Continent

Asia

Population

3,500,000 (1991)

Remarks

Formerly part of USSR. Capital: Ashkhabad. 188,417 square miles

Languages

BGN BALUCHI, WESTERN

18,633 in Turkmenistan (1979 census); 200,000 in Afghanistan (1979); 451,000 in Iran; 720,000 in Pakistan 1,390,000 total

CGT CHAGATAI

TCK TURKMEN

2,028,000 in Turkmenistan (1979 census), 99% speak it as mother tongue; 721,600 in Iran (1986); 380,000 in Afghanistan (1983); 925 in Turkey (1982); 3,131,000 total

Uzbekistan

Continent

Asia

Population

20,000,000 (1991)

Remarks

Formerly part of USSR. Capital: Tashkent. 172,700 square miles

Languages

ABH ARABIC, CENTRAL ASIAN COLLOQUIAL

2,727 speakers out of 7,987 in the ethnic group (1959 census); 5,000 in Afghanistan (1967 Farhadi)

BHH BUKHARIC

(670 first or only language speakers, 1,640 second language speakers in Israel; (1961)

CRH CRIMEAN TURKISH

268,793 in Uzbekistan (1989 census); 25,000 in Romania (1982 estimate); 6,000 in Bulgaria (1990); 300,000 total or more. Estimates of more than 1,000,000

JCT JUDEO-CRIMEAN TATAR

KAC KARAKALPAK

293,000 mother tongue speakers (96%) out of an ethnic population of 303,000 in Uzbekistan (1979 census); 2,000 in Afghanistan; 295,000 total

TRK TURKISH

37,000 estimate in Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrghyzstan, and Azerbaijan (based on 1979 census, not counting 56,000 'Turks of Fergana', who speak an Uzbek dialect); 46,278,000 in Turkey; 120,000 in Cyprus; 2,570 in Iran; 24,123 in USA (1970); 8,863 in Canada (1974); 56,000,000 total (1991 WA)

UZB UZBEK, NORTHERN

15,000,000 in Uzbekistan (1986 estimate), 99% speak it as mother tongue; 3,000 in China (1990); 15,003,000 total